Which term identifies the compromise that counted three-fifths of enslaved individuals for population purposes?

The Three-Fifths Compromise is the correct term that specifically refers to the agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. This compromise determined how enslaved individuals would be counted when apportioning representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation purposes. Under this agreement, each enslaved individual would be counted as three-fifths of a person, which allowed Southern states to have more political power due to their larger populations of enslaved individuals while also addressing the concern of Northerners who did not want enslaved individuals to be fully counted as part of the population. This compromise was significant as it reflected the contentious issues surrounding slavery and representation that were deeply entwined in the formation of the United States government.

The other terms listed do not relate specifically to the population counting of enslaved individuals; for example, the Great Compromise addressed the structure of Congress, the Missouri Compromise dealt with the regulation of slavery in western territories, and the Compromise of 1850 sought to resolve issues related to the territories acquired during the Mexican-American War.