What significant precedent was established by Marbury V. Madison?

The case of Marbury v. Madison is pivotal in American constitutional law as it established the concept of judicial review, which allows the judiciary to determine the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions. This ruling asserted the role of the Supreme Court as a check on the powers of the other branches of government, reinforcing the principle of the rule of law. The decision clarified that it is the duty of the judiciary to interpret the Constitution and ensure that no law or action contravenes its principles. Hence, this landmark decision has had a profound and lasting impact on the balance of power within the federal government, fundamentally shaping the functioning of the U.S. legal system and the relationship between state and federal authorities.