What is the system of checks and balances?

The correct answer describes a crucial principle in the structure of the U.S. government, which is designed to prevent any single branch from gaining excessive power. The system of checks and balances is established by the Constitution and serves to maintain a balance among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has specific powers and abilities to check the others, which encourages accountability and collaboration. For instance, Congress can create laws, but the President has the authority to veto legislation; similarly, the judiciary can interpret laws and determine their constitutionality. This interdependence ensures that power is distributed and that no branch can operate independently without oversight from the others. This safeguard against tyranny is fundamental to the functioning of American democracy.